Organic Agriculture: A Comprehensive Exploration of Sustainable Farming
Introduction Organic agriculture represents a paradigm shift in how we produce food, prioritizing ecological balance, biodiversity, and human health over reliance on synthetic inputs. Defined by the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM) as a production system that sustains the health of soils, ecosystems, and people, organic farming relies on ecological processes, biodiversity, and cycles adapted to local conditions. It avoids synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and genetically modified organisms (GMOs), combining tradition, innovation, and science to foster environmental sustainability and fair relationships. As global concerns about climate change, soil degradation, and food safety intensify, organic agriculture has gained traction as a viable alternative to conventional farming. This article explores its history, principles, practices, benefits, challenges, global impact, and future trends, offering a comprehensive look at its role in shaping a sustainabl...